CO2 and Productivity: The Impact of Indoor Air Quality

CO2 and Productivity: The Impact of Indoor Air Quality

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a natural part of the air we breathe. The relationship between CO2 and productivity is often underestimated, yet it plays a critical role in indoor environments. In outdoor environments, CO2 levels are typically around 400 ppm (parts per...
Reliable Modbus RTU (RS-485) Guide

Reliable Modbus RTU (RS-485) Guide

Modbus RTU RS-485 guide: This document provides the essential technical rules for the correct design, wiring, and commissioning of industrial networks. Following these steps ensures high noise immunity and long-term hardware reliability. 1. Software Settings for...
MODBUS RTU addressing demystified (Part 2)

MODBUS RTU addressing demystified (Part 2)

Function Codes, Register Spaces, and the Myth of a Single Address in MODBUS RTU addressing Engineers working with MODBUS RTU addressing often assume that a register address uniquely identifies a data point inside a device. This article builds on the fundamentals...
Lithium battery regulations and battery restrictions

Lithium battery regulations and battery restrictions

Overview of Lithium Battery Regulations for IoT and Tracking Devices Lithium batteries are widely used in tracking and IoT devices. They provide long operating life and stable performance. At the same time, lithium batteries are classified as Dangerous Goods for...
High DC Current Measurement (30–500 A)

High DC Current Measurement (30–500 A)

High DC current measurement is essential in renewable-energy systems, industrial automation, battery storage, EV charging infrastructure, and power-distribution equipment. In many projects, engineers must integrate the measured current into a controller or...